Common Phrases in the Dojo
- Onegaishimasu Sensei — Please teach me, Sensei
- Dōmo arigatō gozaimashita Sensei — Thank you very much for teaching me, Sensei
- Dōjō — Training hall
- Hajime — Begin
- Keikogi — Training suit (gi)
- Maai — Distance
- Obi — Belt
- Rei — Bow
- Soremade — Finish
- Tatami — Mats
- Yame — Stop
- Yōi — Be ready
Counting
- Ichi — One
- Ni — Two
- San — Three
- Shi / Yon — Four
- Go — Five
- Roku — Six
- Shichi / Nana — Seven
- Hachi — Eight
- Kyū — Nine
- Jū — Ten
Three Forms and Classifications of Techniques
- Tachi‑waza — Standing technique
- Suwari‑waza — Sitting technique
- Hanmi‑handachi‑waza — Opponent standing, partner sitting
Types of Techniques
- Nage‑waza — Throwing / projection techniques
- Kansetsu‑waza — Joint techniques
- Atemi‑waza — Striking techniques
Representative Techniques of Aikido
Principles (Kyō)
(Note: “Kyō” means principle.)
- Ikkyo — First principle
- Nikkyo — Second principle
- Sankyo — Third principle
- Yonkyo — Fourth principle
- Gokyo — Fifth principle
- Rokkyo — Sixth principle
Major Techniques
Shihōnage — Four‑direction throw
- Shi — Four
- Hō — Direction
- Nage — Throw
Iriminage — Entering‑body throw
- Iri — Enter
- Mi — Body
- Nage — Throw
Kotegaeshi — Wrist turn‑out
- Kote — Wrist
- Gaeshi — Turn/return
Kaitennage — Rotating/spinning throw
- Kaiten — Rotation
- Nage — Throw
Tenchinage — Heaven‑and‑earth throw
- Ten — Heaven
- Chi — Earth
- Nage — Throw
Kokyunage — Breath/timing throw
- Kokyu — Breath power / timing
- Nage — Throw
Kokyuho / Kokyūryoku Yōsei‑ho — Breath‑power training method
- Kokyūryoku — Breath power
- Hō — Method
- Yōsei — Train / cultivate
Three Styles of Important Practice
- Gō — Hard
- Jū — Soft
- Ryū — Flow / stream
- Gō‑no‑keiko — Hard practice with full strength
- Jū‑no‑keiko — Soft practice with non‑resistance
- Ryū‑no‑keiko — Flowing practice, like running water (high‑dan level)
Other Styles of Practice
- Tandoku‑keiko — Solo practice
- Jiyū‑geiko — Free practice
Basic Postures of Aikido
- Migi‑hanmi — Right stance
- Hidari‑hanmi — Left stance
- Ai‑hanmi — Same‑side stance
- Gyaku‑hanmi — Opposite‑side stance
Forms of Attack and Defence
- Buki — Weapons
- Bukidori — Against weapons
- Chūdan — Middle level
- Dakishime — Hug / hold
- Dori — To take / grab
- Eri — Collar
- Futari — Two opponents
- Gedan — Lower level
- Geri / Keri — Kick
- Jō — Staff
- Jōdan — Upper level
- Jōdori — Against staff
- Jiyū‑waza / Jiyū‑gi — Free attack and defence
- Kata — Shoulder
- Katate — One hand
- Ken — Sword
- Kubi — Neck
- Mune — Chest
- Ryōte — Both hands
- Sannin — Three opponents
- Shime — Strangle
- Shōmen — Front of head
- Sode — Sleeve
- Tachidori — Against sword
- Taninzu — Many opponents
- Tanken — Knife
- Tankendori — Against knife
- Tsuki — Thrust/strike
- Uchi — Strike
- Ushiro — From behind
- Waza — Technique
- Yokomen — Side of head
Attacks
- Ai‑hanmi katatedori — Same‑side single‑hand grab
- Gyaku‑hanmi katatedori — Opposite‑side single‑hand grab
- Katatedori katadori — Hand grabs shoulder
- Katatedori munedori — Hand grabs chest
- Ryōtedori munedori — Both hands grab chest
- Ryōtedori katadori — Both hands grab shoulders
- Shōmen‑uchi — Strike to front of head
- Yokomen‑uchi — Strike to side of head
- Mune‑tsuki / Chūdan‑tsuki — Punch to stomach
- Men‑tsuki / Jōdan‑tsuki — Punch to face/throat
- Gedan‑tsuki — Punch to lower abdomen
- Jōdan‑geri — High kick
- Chūdan‑geri — Middle kick
- Gedan‑geri — Low kick
- Ryōtedori — Both hands grab both hands
- Ryōtemochi katatedori — Both hands grab one hand
- Katatedori sodedori — Hand grabs sleeve
- Ushiro ryōtedori — Both hands grabbed from behind
- Ushiro ryōkatadori — Both shoulders grabbed from behind
- Ushiro katatedori / katate kubijime — Hand and neck grabbed from behind
- Ushiro ryōte mune dakishime — Collar grabbed from behind
- Taninzugake / Taninzudori — Attack by many opponents
- Futaridori / Futarigake — Attack by two opponents
- Sannindori / Sanningake — Attack by three opponents